In this lesson we cover four more common irregular consonants. They are:
Character
Pronunciation
Name
Meaning
Notes
ธ
/th−/, /−t/
/thɔɔ thoŋ/
Flag
The second of the two consonants with no loop.
ภ
/ph−/, /−p/
/phɔɔ sǎmˑphaw/
Junk (boat)
Contrast with ถ.
ญ
/y−/, /−n/
/yɔɔ yǐŋ/
Woman
ณ
/n−/, /−n/
/ŋɔɔ neen/
Novice monk
Note the positions of the loops.
Notes
All four consonants are low class.
ญ (unlike ย) changes its pronunciation at the end of a syllable. So, for example,
ใหญ่ (big) is pronounced /yày/, whilst สำคัญ (important) is pronounced /sǎmˑkhan/.
Start on the left with a vertical stroke downwards. Complete the character in one, continuous stroke.
ภ
Start by drawing the loop anticlockwise.
ญ
Start by drawing the loop on the left clockwise. Complete the main body of the character in one stroke. Then draw the lower part.
ณ
Start by drawing the top left loop clockwise. Again, the character is written with one continuous stroke.
Note that ญ and ณ are wider than characters we've previously encountered. Remember that the above vowels
such as ◌ิ should be written the full width of the character.
This is not shown in the worksheet because of limitations with the font.